| Operations |
Word
|
Definition
|
Example
|
| multiplication |
Finds the total number of objects based on the number of objects in each group times the number of groups
|
3×5 = 15
|
| division |
Splits numbers into groups; the inverse operation of multiplication
|
15÷3 = 5
|
| factor |
Numbers that make up another number when multiplied together
|
Factors of 15:
1, 3, 5, 15
|
| decompose |
Breaking a number into smaller parts
|
234 = 200+30+4
234 = 2×3×3×13 |
| product |
The answer in a multiplication problem
|
3×5 = 15 |
| array |
A geometric picture of a multiplication problem
|
|
| dimensions |
The measurement of the sides of a plane figure, also the factors of a multiplication problem
|
3 cm × 5 cm rectangle
|
unmarked array
|
An array that does not have the area marked off in square units
|
|
combination
|
Two factors which pair together to form a specific product
|
3, 5 [3×5=15]
1, 15 [1×15=15] |
| multiple |
The product of a specific number times any other number(s)
|
Multiples of 2:
2, 4, 6, 8, 10...
|
even numbers
|
Numbers which are multiples of two
|
2, 4, 6, ...8...100...1,000...
|
odd numbers
|
Numbers which are not multiples of two
|
1, 3, 5...101...
|
prime numbers
|
Numbers which have only one and itself as factors
|
1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11...
|
composite numbers
|
Numbers which are made up by more than one combination of factors
|
4, 8, 16, 44
|
square number
|
The product of a number multiplied by itself, also written as 22
|
22=2×2=4
32=3×3=9 |
prime factorization
|
The process of finding all of the prime numbers which are factors of a number
|
Prime factors for 100:
1, 2, 5
|
representation
|
A way of showing a mathematical relationship or concept
|
3 groups of 5:
3×5
|
distributive property
|
Multiplication can distribute across addition which allows us to break up multiplication problems into smaller parts
|
3×15=3×(10+5)=(3×10)+(3×5)=30+15=45
p=(2×l)+(2×w)=2×(l+w) |
associative property
|
Addition: Addends (the parts of an addition problem) may be added together in any order
Multiplication: Factors may be multiplied together in any order
|
3+(5+10)=(3+5)+10
2×(3×5)=(2×3)+5 |
<, less than
|
The number, variable, or operation shown to the left of the symbol is smaller than the one shown to the right
|
3<5 |
>, greater than
|
The number, variable, or operation shown to the left of the symbol is larger than the one shown to the right
|
9>7 |
≤, less than or equal to
|
The number, variable, or operation shown to the left of the symbol is smaller than or is equal to the one to the right
|
3≤4
2+2≤4
|
≥, greater than or equal to
|
The number, variable, or operation shown to the left of the symbol is larger than or is equal to the one to the right
|
4≥3
2×2≥4
|
=, equal
|
The numbers, variables, or operations shown on either side of the symbol are equal to each other
|
3=3
2+3=5
|
≠, not equal
|
The numbers, variables, or operations shown on either side of the symbol are not equal to each other
|
3≠5
2+3≠6
|
| ascending |
Ordered from smallest to largest
|
2, 5, 7, 9, 11
|
| descending |
Ordered from largest to smallest |
11, 9, 7, 5, 2
|
| dividend |
The number being split into groups
|
15÷3=5
|
| divisor |
The number of groups into which the dividend is being split or the size of the groups into which the dividend is being split
|
15÷3=5 |
| quotient |
The answer to a division problem
|
15÷3=5 |
[Back to Top]
Number Sense & Place Value
|
standard form
|
The normal way we write numbers
|
952,345 |
written form
|
The words we use to write numbers
|
Nine hundred fifty-two thousand, three hundred forty-five
|
expanded notation
|
Writing out numbers based on their place value
|
900,000 + 50,000 + 2,000 +300 + 40 +5
|
hundred thousands place
|
The position in which a number is equal to itself times 100,000
|
952,345
|
ten thousands place
|
The position in which a number is equal to itself times 10,000
|
952,345 |
thousands place
|
The position in which a number is equal to itself times 1,000
|
952,345 |
hundreds place
|
The position in which a number is equal to itself times 100
|
952,345 |
tens place
|
The position in which a number is equal to itself times 10
|
952,345 |
ones place
|
The position in which a number is valued as itself
|
952,345 |
| million |
One thousand thousands
|
1,000,000 |
| billion |
One thousand millions
|
1,000,000,000 |
| trillion |
One thousand billions
|
1,000,000,000,000 |
| fraction |
A group or object divided into smaller portions (or parts)
|
|
| numerator |
The number on the top of the fraction, represents the number of parts of a whole that we have (or are shaded in)
|
|
| denominator |
The number on the bottom of the fraction, represents the number of parts into which the whole is split
|
|
| decimal |
A fraction represented as a number based on tenths, hundredths, thousandths...
|
.5 = one half
.25 = one quarter
.1 = one tenth
|
| percent |
A portion (fraction) out of one hundred
|
100% = whole
50% = one half
|
| equivalent |
Fractions, decimals, percents, or numbers which are equal to each other
|
|
tenths
|
The position in which a number is equal to the fraction of itself over ten
|
.1 = 1 tenth
|
| hundredths |
The position in which a number is equal to the fraction of itself over one hundred
|
.01 = 1 hundredth
|
| thousandths |
The position in which a number is equal to the fraction of itself over one thousand
|
.001 = 1 thousandth
|
ten thousandths
|
The position in which a number is equal to the fraction of itself over ten thousand
|
.0001 = 1 ten thousandth
|
number line
|
A representation of numbers on a line in order from smallest to largest (or largest to smallest).
|
<---1--2--3--4--->
|
[Back to Top]
2D Geometry/Plane Figures
|
| angle |
The space between two intersecting lines or line segments
|
|
vertex (vertices)
|
The point where two lines or line segments intersect
|
|
right angle
|
An angle that measures 90°
|
|
acute angle
|
An angle that measures less than 90°
|
|
obtuse angle
|
An angle that measures more than 90°
|
|
straight angle
|
An angle that measures 180°
|
|
| triangle |
A 2D plane polygon with three sides and three angles
|
|
right triangle
|
A triangle with a 90° angle at one of its vertices
|
|
obtuse triangle
|
A triangle with an obtuse angle at one of its vertices
|
|
acute triangle
|
A triangle with all acute angles
|
|
equilateral triangle
|
A triangle with all equal sides and angles
|
|
| isosceles triangle |
A triangle with two equal sides and one different side
|
|
scalene triangle
|
A triangle with no equal sides
|
|
| quadrilateral |
A polygon with four sides
|
|
| parallel |
Two lines which never intersect
|
|
| trapezoid |
A quadrilateral with only one set of parallel sides
|
|
| parallelogram |
A quadrilateral with two sets of parallel sides
|
|
| rectangle |
A parallelogram with all equal angles
|
|
| rhombus |
A parallelogram with all equal sides
|
 
|
| square |
A rectangle with all equal sides and a rhombus with all equal angles
|
|
regular polygon
|
A polygon with all equal sides and all equal angles
|
|
irregular polygon
|
A polygon which does not have all equal sides and all equal angles
|
|
| pentagon |
A regular polygon with five sides
|
|
| hexagon |
A regular polygon with six sides
|
|
| heptagon |
A regular polygon with seven sides
|
|
| octagon |
A regular polygon with eight sides
|
|
| decagon |
A regular polygon with ten sides
|
|
supplementary angle
|
Two angles which measure 180° when their angle measures are added together
|
|
complementary angle
|
Two angles which measure 90° forming a right angle when their measures are added together
|
|
adjacent angle
|
Angles which are side by side and share a vertex
|
|
internal angle
|
The angle inside a single polygon"s sides
|
|
external angle
|
The supplementary angle to the internal angle
|
|
dimensions
|
The measures of the sides
|
|
| perimeter |
The measure around the outside of a polygon
p=2×(l+w) / Perimeter = 2 × (length + width)
|
|
| area |
The measure of the inside of a polygon
a=l×w (area= length × width)
|
|
| perpendicular |
Intersecting lines which form 90° internal angles
|
|
line
|
Extends infinitely in both directions
|
|
line segment
|
A portion of a line between points
|
|
| ray |
A line segment which begins at a point and extends infinitely in one direction
|
|
line symmetry
|
A shape shows line symmetry when it can be bisected by a line and both sides are identical
|
|
rotational symmetry
|
A
shape shows rotational symmetry when it can be rotated and be identical
to the original shape at some angle other than 0° or 360°.
|
|
| diagonal |
A line segment with end points at vertices in the side of a 2D polygon
|
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